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		Toxic Substances: Hazardous Substances
		TCAS provides toxicological assessment services for a wide range of hazardous substances [a] Hazardous substances constitute a special class of toxic agents in that they pose immediate dangers to human health via simple contact or proximity. TCAS provides toxicological consulting and assessment services for a wide range of hazardous toxic substances,... (more)

		Toxic Substances: Toxicology of Heavy Metals
		Heavy Metal Pathways adapted from 1995 U.S. Geological Survey Circular [a] TCAS has been providing heavy metal consultative and toxicological assessment services for more than 30 years. Although some heavy metals are necessary ingredients in a healthy body, heavy metal contamination can cause a wide range of adverse health effects. Unlike organic pollutants,... (more)

		Toxic Substances: Consumer Product Toxicology
		Consumer product toxicology involves a wide range of chemical and biological compounds. a Consumer product toxicology evaluations involve a wide range of chemical and biological compounds. With respect to toxicity, the manner in which consumer products are used can be just as important as the chemicals in the products. For example, ammonia and chlorine... (more)

		Hazardous Substances: Metals and Compounds
		Overview Metals and compounds all possess unique toxicological properties [a] Metals and compounds represent a special class of hazardous substances in that they each possess physical properties unique to that substance and impose specific, well-documented toxicological effects. Heavy metals in particular can pose significant and persistent environmental... (more)

		Hazardous Substances: Toxicology of Pesticides
		Overview Pathways of pesticide movement in the hydrologic cycle USGS [a] Pesticides are in widespread use throughout the U.S. and the rest of the world. There are many classes of pesticides including insecticides pyrethrins and pyrethroids, n-methyl carbamates, organophosphate insecticides, organochlorines, biologicals and acaricides , herbicides chlorophenoxy... (more)

		Toxic Exposure Studies: Toxicology of TCDD and TCDF Dioxins
		tetrachlorodibenzodioxins and tetrachlorodibenzofurans Overview Of the many toxic substances confronting the expert toxicologist, dioxins are among the most challenging. A scientifically credible toxicological assessment of a dioxin exposure must meet many requirements. The body of ongoing research is vast and there are a great many human epidemiological... (more)

		Case Studies in Toxicology: Pesticide Exposure Leads to Death
		This case study summarizes events relating to the death of a man with a history of seizure disorder who was fatally exposed to pesticides in his unventilated basement apartment. It illustrates the role of an impartial toxicological assessment in litigation involving pesticides. The county coroner suspected pesticide exposure as a contributing factor... (more)

		Professional Experience and Toxicological Specializations
		TCAS has assessed hundreds of different types of toxic substances and exposure effects. [a] TCAS provides professional, comprehensive forensic and environmental exposure analysis, risk assessments and causation determinations. With more than 30 years of hands-on experience, our cases cover a vast range of toxic exposure-related issues combining toxicological... (more)

		Home: Dr. William R. Sawyer, Toxicologist
		Ph.D., Dr. William R. Sawyer is an expert forensic toxicologist For more than 30 years expert toxicologist Dr. William R. Sawyer has been providing forensic toxicology consulting services and expert testimony. Dr. Sawyer has extensive experience... (more)

		Toxicology in the News
		Dr. Sawyer has made numerous television and media appearances with regard to toxicological matters including food safety, poisonings, exposures, scientific methods and other issues of public interest. His opinions have been solicited by newpapers and magazines on a variety of toxicological issues. Here are some recent examples: Quick Reference Dr.... (more)

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